Advanced Mobile Location (AML) has been used in Germany and many other countries since 2019 and is gradually being expanded to locate people in emergency situations. If you don't want this, you should prepare yourself for it.
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Before AML, rescue coordination centers only had extremely inaccurate radio cell data at their disposal (if at all) to locate people in emergency situations. AML, on the other hand, is firmly integrated into modern telephones and their operating systems: When an emergency number is dialed, the phone automatically activates GPS and Wi-Fi to determine its own position. This is then automatically transmitted to the control center via the Internet or SMS. This extremely precise location is only activated by dialing the emergency numbers and cannot be used from outside without your active involvement. In most cases, there is nothing you can do to prevent you from being automatically located when you dial these numbers. Unfortunately, this also makes it more difficult to make anonymous reports. You should therefore always consider whether dialing emergency numbers from your own phone is really necessary. You can find a list of all countries with AML on Wikipedia. AML is part of the Play services on Android and can be deactivated via the emergency settings.